Glycolic acid is the most powerful alpha hydroxy acid available, and is a popular choice because of the multitude of benefits it offers the skin. Caution though, as it can be irritating. Read on to learn more.
What is glycolic acid, and what does it do?
Glycolic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid. It’s the smallest sized molecule of all the alpha hydroxy acids, making it the most effective as it penetrates into the skin the most deeply. It helps with chemical exfoliation of the skin and collagen remodelling.
Why should I use it?
Glycolic acid helps brighten dull skin and improve the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles and signs of sun damage. It can also help manage acne and fade uneven pigmentation, and may improve skin hydration.
How should I use it?
If you’re using it in a leave-on product, such as a serum or toner, apply at night, one to three times per week. It can be used less frequently in a higher concentration in a chemical peel.
What should I do if irritation occurs?
There are a few things you can do if you develop skin irritation from using glycolic acid. These include:
- reduce how often you use it,
- apply moisturiser afterwards,
- ensure you aren’t applying it at the same time as other irritating ingredients such as retinoids,
- reduce the concentration, or
- try a less potent alpha hydroxy acid such as lactic acid or mandelic acid.
What are the potential drawbacks?
Of all the alpha hydroxy acids, glycolic acid has the most potential to cause skin irritation, and may not be suitable for sensitive skin types. It may cause increased sun sensitivity.
